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Scientific instruments - radiation detectors, microscopes, telescopes, metal detectors

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Scientific products for hobby and professional use - also other hobby items

If you have science as your hobby, you can find a lot of articles for your speartime activities here for an affordable prize: Kits and components for hobby electronics, microscope for the hobby biologist, telescopes for hobby astronomers, binoculars you can use in field investiqations, and a lot more. Many of the most advanced products are of professional standard, and can also be used in professional environments. You can also find other hobby equipment like remote controle models of helicopters, aircrafts, cars and boats. Further down on this page there is also an article about telescope design.

The products exhibited on this page are only examples of a huge collections. By clicking on the links, you can learn more about the exhibited products or find a lot of other products of the same type.



GOOD ONLINE STORES FOR SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS

Two general stores with many advanced objects for favourable prizes, among those also microscopes, telescopes and other scientific instruments. - In these stores+ you can find all kind of optical and audiovisual equipment for hobby, education and professional use. You can also find products of other fields in these shops, especially electronics, computing, cameras, tools, sport products, home decorations and fashion






MEDEXSUPPLY - a medical equipment store with a great inventory of microscopes and optical instruments for general scientific, medical and biological use - You can also find any kind of equipment for physical examination, treatment, therapeutic training and nursing here.




Good general hobby stores where you also can find instruments for hobby science - In addition to RC models and airsoft guns, you can also find microscopes, telescopes, metal detectors, chemistry kits, electronic kits and components, physics kits, technology kits and other hobby scientific products. The first of these stores has a very great inventory of electronic circuits and components.

Trend Times Toy Store

HobbyTron.com




EQUIPMENT FOR DETECTION OF RADIATION OR GASSES IN THE AIR

Geiger counters - radiation detectors
A geiger counter can be useful to detect and assess the radiation level in the surroundings. It is also useful to explore the geological composition in an area, to find special rock types and to investigate certain types of human activities.

Electromagnetic Radiation Detector Dosimeter Tester EMF Meter

Electromagnetic Radiation Detector Dosimeter Tester EMF Meter

Electromagnetic Radiation Detector Dosimeter Tester EMF Meter




Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, Monitor 4

Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, Monitor 4

Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, Monitor 4 Type: Digital Multimeters




Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, 4EC

Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, 4EC

Radiation Detector, Radiation Alert, 4EC Type: Digital Multimeters




CE Certificated Digital EMF Meter Dosimeter Tester, portable electromagnetic radiation detector

CE Certificated Digital EMF Meter Dosimeter Tester, portable electromagnetic radiation detector

we have this phone in stock also have many android phone OEM is welcome if you need more,we can give you best price




UYIGAO Brand New Handheld Portable Automotive Mini Combustible Gas Detector Gas Leak Location Determine Tester with Sound and Light Alarm

UYIGAO Brand New Handheld Portable Automotive Mini Combustible Gas Detector Gas Leak Location Determine Tester with Sound and Light Alarm

Features:Portable detector for detecting all combustible gas.Long flexible stainless probe reaches all areas.Audible geiger counter signal and fast warm-up.Visual leakage indicator and adjustable sensitivity.Compact size, light weight, easy to carry and operate.




Science Source Geiger Counter, Plug-in

Science Source Geiger Counter, Plug-in

Features of Science Source Geiger Counter: A sensitive, plug-in Geiger Counter for radioactive demonstrations and experiments! Plugs into a standard 115VAC outlet Specially designed to give a sharp audible click for counting Unit has a Geiger tube window on the right side and a speaker on the front Meter detects alpha, beta, and gamma radiation and is sensitive to background radiation Simple radiation detector will support a range of radiation demonstrations and experiments




Science Source Geiger Counter, Digital Readout

Science Source Geiger Counter, Digital Readout

Features of Science Source Geiger Counter: Compact, sturdy, digital instrument for field or lab radiation measurement. Halogen-quenched, stainless-steel Geiger Mueller tube Sturdy and lightweight construction Operates on AC line voltage or with batteries Sensitive to low-level detection of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation Digital readout can be converted to mR/hr. using the scale factor on the unit Can take a count over 7.5 seconds or at a 60-second interval Dimensions (approx.): 7.1 x 3.9 x 2.4 in. (18 x 10 x 6cm) Includes: AC adapter for 110VAC line, laboratory manual with a wide range of experiments, demonstrations, and field investigations Required Accessories: Four "AA" batteries




Science Source Geiger Counter

Science Source Geiger Counter

Features of Science Source Geiger Counter: Large four-digit readout shows counts per minute or continuous counting. Student-ready, compact, and rugged four-digit Geiger counter Suitable for the S44097-4 Geiger stand with absorbers Indicator lamp and audible chirp signal show tube counts Internal power supply will operate the 900VDC Geiger tube (S440972) or the smaller 450VDC tube (S440973) Front panel has a power switch, and a switch to select counts per minute or continuous counting Pushbutton for manual resetting is provided Rear panel has connectors for the GM tube and a mute switch for the chirp signal Dimensions: 3.5 x 6.5 x 5.5 in. (8.9 x 16.5 x 14cm)





MICROSCOPES



Levenhuk DTX 30 Digital Microscope

Levenhuk DTX 30 Digital Microscope

Levenhuk DTX 30 Digital Microscope Color: Clear




Professional Biological Microscope 40x-1600x

Professional Biological Microscope 40x-1600x

Professional Biological Microscope 40x-1600x Type: Microscopes Specifications: Magnification Power: 40X to 1600X; Head Type: Binocular ; Optics: Achromatic; Objective Power: 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X; Eyepiece Power: 10X, 16X; Power Supply: 110V, 220V Eyepiece Lens: 10X, 16X Objective Lens: 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X Total Magnification: 40X to 1600X Electrical Outlet Plug Type: 110V, 220V




Olympia Sports 16417 Adventure Microscope

Olympia Sports 16417 Adventure Microscope

Olympia Sports 16417 Adventure Microscope




Levenhuk LabZZ M101 Azure Microscope

Levenhuk LabZZ M101 Azure Microscope

Levenhuk LabZZ M101 Azure Microscope Type: Other




Binocular Biological Microscope 40X-1600X

Binocular Biological Microscope 40X-1600X

Binocular Biological Microscope 40X-1600X Type: Microscopes Specifications: Magnification Power: 40X to 1600X; Head Type: Binocular ; Optics: Achromatic; Objective Power: 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X; Eyepiece Power: 10X, 16X; Power Supply: 110V Eyepiece Lens: 10X, 16X Objective Lens: 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X Total Magnification: 40X to 1600X Electrical Outlet Plug Type: 110V




Dissecting Microscope 20x-30x

Dissecting Microscope 20x-30x

Dissecting Microscope 20x-30x Type: Microscopes Specifications: Head Type: Monocular; Optics: Achromatic; Objective Power: 2X; Eyepiece Power: 10X, 15X Eyepiece Lens: 10X, 15X Objective Lens: 2X




Levenhuk 2ST Microscope

Levenhuk 2ST Microscope

Levenhuk 2ST Microscope Type: educational-and-hobby-microscopes





TELESCOPES

Meade Instruments Adventure Scope Telescope - 60mm Telescope

Meade Instruments Adventure Scope Telescope - 60mm Telescope

Meade Instruments Adventure Scope Telescope - 60mm Telescope




Barska Starwatcher Reflector Telescope 900114

Barska Starwatcher Reflector Telescope 900114

Barska Starwatcher Reflector Telescope 900114 Type: Telescopes




SkyWatcher Telescope

SkyWatcher Telescope

SkyWatcher Telescope Type: Telescopes Color: Black




Meade Instruments StarNavigator NG Telescope - 130mm Telescope

Meade Instruments StarNavigator NG Telescope - 130mm Telescope

Meade Instruments StarNavigator NG Telescope - 130mm Telescope





BINOCULARS AND BINOCULAR CAMERAS

12X32 Zoom 2 inch Screen FHD 1080P Video DVR Record Digital Telescope Binocular Camera

12X32 Zoom 2 inch Screen FHD 1080P Video DVR Record Digital Telescope Binocular Camera

12X32 Zoom 2 inch Screen FHD 1080P Video DVR Record Digital Telescope Binocular Camera Type: Monoculars Accessory: Kit Color: Black




Digital Binocular Camera - Black (VIV-CV-1225V)

Digital Binocular Camera - Black (VIV-CV-1225V)

Digital Binocular Camera - Black (VIV-CV-1225V) Type: Binoculars




Barska AH11410 8X32 Point N View Binocular Camera, 8.0MP, 1.5

Barska AH11410 8X32 Point N View Binocular Camera, 8.0MP, 1.5" LCD

Barska AH11410 8X32 Point N View Binocular Camera, 8.0MP, 1.5" LCD Type: Binoculars Color: Black





NIGHT VISION SCOPES, BINOCULARS AND CAMERAS

Sightmark Ghost Hunter 2x24 Night Vision Binocular

Sightmark Ghost Hunter 2x24 Night Vision Binocular

Sightmark Ghost Hunter 2x24 Night Vision Binocular Type: Binoculars Specifications: Socket for tripod accessories: 1/4" Night Vision: Yes Color: Black Objective Lens: 24mm Total Magnification: 2x




Sightmark Ghost Hunter 4x50 Night Vision Binocular

Sightmark Ghost Hunter 4x50 Night Vision Binocular

Sightmark Ghost Hunter 4x50 Night Vision Binocular Type: Binoculars Night Vision: Yes Color: Black




National Geographic Night Vision Binocular - 2x Magnification

National Geographic Night Vision Binocular - 2x Magnification

Night vision technology brings nocturnal wildlife into clear focus.




Night Owl Optics Explorer Pro 5x Night Vision Binocular (NOB5X)

Night Owl Optics Explorer Pro 5x Night Vision Binocular (NOB5X)

Night Owl Optics Explorer Pro 5x Night Vision Binocular (NOB5X) Type: Binoculars Specifications: Dual 1st Generation Intensifiers Night Vision: Yes Color: Black Field of View: 787.5 ft (240 m) at 1000 yd Objective Lens: 50mm Total Magnification: 5.0x




Wholesale Monocular Luneta 2016 Thermal Imager Binoculars Night for Vision Binocular Infrared Telescope Folding 20x50

Wholesale Monocular Luneta 2016 Thermal Imager Binoculars Night for Vision Binocular Infrared Telescope Folding 20x50

Color: black, green Size: 190 x175mm (WxH) Net weight: 790 g




FLUKE Ti90 Infrared Camera Ti-90.

FLUKE Ti90 Infrared Camera Ti-90.

FLUKE Ti90 Infrared Camera Ti-90.




Night Owl Pro NOB3X Nexgen Night Vision Binocular (3x)

Night Owl Pro NOB3X Nexgen Night Vision Binocular (3x)

Night Owl Pro NOB3X Nexgen Night Vision Binocular (3x) Type: Indoor Floor Fountains




FLIR E60 Infrared Compact Thermal Camera

FLIR E60 Infrared Compact Thermal Camera

FLIR E60 Infrared Compact Thermal Camera




Cuddeback Infrared IR Plus 8MP Camera

Cuddeback Infrared IR Plus 8MP Camera

Cuddeback Infrared IR Plus 8MP Camera





METAL DETECTORS

Underground Metal Detectors MD-9020C Gold Digger Treasure Hunter MD9020C Hobby Metal Detector Treasure Seeker

Underground Metal Detectors MD-9020C Gold Digger Treasure Hunter MD9020C Hobby Metal Detector Treasure Seeker

The most prominent characteristics is that the type of metal can be identified, allowing you to easily find the available metal objects .which is the functions that other similar products are not available. You can go to more places to start treasure-hunting activities, search for coins, jewelry, gold and silver products .




KingDetector MD-3010II Metal Detector Underground High Quality Upgraded Industrial Metal Detectors With LCD Display Metalldetekt

KingDetector MD-3010II Metal Detector Underground High Quality Upgraded Industrial Metal Detectors With LCD Display Metalldetekt

Cheap Price Hot MD-3010II Underground Metal Detector Gold Digger Treasure Hunter MD3010II Ground Metal Detector Treasure Seeker;1.5m-3.5m Detecting Depth Under Ground Searching metal detector MD-3010II Nugget finder /Treasure Hunt




Free Shipping Garrett CSI Pro-Pointer metal detector Pinpointer Detector PRO-POINTER Pinpointing Hand Held Metal Detector GP-POINTER

Free Shipping Garrett CSI Pro-Pointer metal detector Pinpointer Detector PRO-POINTER Pinpointing Hand Held Metal Detector GP-POINTER

color:black alarm:continuous alarm package:color box with holster and bracelet:yes




Garrett AT Pro Pointer metal detector,waterproof gold metal detector

Garrett AT Pro Pointer metal detector,waterproof gold metal detector

The Pro-Pointer AT provides all terrain versatility for locating and pinpointing metallic targets. It is environmentally protected from the elements and is fully submersible to a maximum depth of 10 feet or 3 meters.




Underground Gold Detector Long Range Gold Diamond Detector AKS Metal Detector

Underground Gold Detector Long Range Gold Diamond Detector AKS Metal Detector

AKS diamond detect industry metal detect instruments




Underground Gold Detector Long Range Gold Diamond Detector AKS Metal Detector

Underground Gold Detector Long Range Gold Diamond Detector AKS Metal Detector

AKS diamond detect industry metal detect instruments




Electronic kits and components - please go here

To find kits for experiments and learning about physics, chemistry, biology, electricity, magnetism and general sience - please click here




GOOD SOURCES OF ALL KIND OF HOBBY PRODUCTS

Two good general hobby stores - In these stores you can find RC models of airplanes, boats, cars, drones, robots, tanks and construction mashines. You can also find a huge inventory of hobby guns. There are also magic kits and magic tricks.

HobbyTron.com

Trend Times Toy Store


Two good sources pf all kind of technical products, including telescopes, microscopes, cameras, camcorders, binoculars, Computers, cellphones, audio, video, gaming, components, software. - These are big stores where you can find a lot of technical items for hobby and daily use, and many more special products for professional use. Among the products are: all kind of optical devices, rc models, computers. electronic components and experiment kits, home theaters, audio, video, cellphones, gaming, networking equipment, surveillance and security, automtion, office solutions, software, car electronics, tools for hobby and work.






INFORMATION ABOUT TELESCOPES

OPTICAL TELESCOPES

Generally about optical telescopes

An optical telescope gathers and focuses light mainly from the visible part of the Electromagnetic spectrum (although some work in the infrared and ultraviolet). Thereby also pictures of the objects that the light originates from will be focused. Optical telescopes increase the apparent angular size of distant objects, as well as their apparent brightness. Telescopes work by employing one or more curved optical elements - lenses or mirrors - to gather light or other electromagnetic radiation and bring that light or radiation to a focus where the image can be observed, photographed or studied.

Practical telescopes have at least two main lenses or lens collections. The objective resceives the light and focuses it. The oculular or eyepiece enlarges the image of the object further. The objective will make the image up- to down and right to left. To counteract this effect, many telescopes have a third element between to convert back.

The focusing can be done with convexe lenses, that is lenses that are thickest in the mid. They can also be done by concave mirrors, that is mirrors that bulge inwards at the side that collects the light. A combination of lenses and mirrors can also be used.

It is also possible to use mirrors to let the light go forth and back through the same tube. In this way the telescope can be made a lot shorter. There are three main types of telescopes.

The refracting telescope in which the light goes only through a collection of lenses to be focused after having passed.
- The reflecting telescope which uses only an arrangement of mirrors that eventually reflects the light onto a plane.
- The catadioptric telescope which uses a combination of mirrors and lenses.

Optical telescopes are used for astronomy and in many non-astronomical instruments including theodolites, transits, spotting scopes, monoculars, binoculars, camera lenses, and spyglasses.

Refractor telescopes

A typical refractor has two basic elements, a convex objective lens and an eyepiece lens. The objective in a refracting telescope refracts or bends light at each end using lenses. This refraction causes parallel light rays to converge at a focal point; while those which were not parallel converge upon a focal plane. This can enable a user to view the image of a distant object as if it were brighter, clearer, and/or larger. Refracting telescopes can come in many different configurations to correct for image orientation and types of aberration.

Galilean telescope

The original design Galileo came up with is commonly called a Galilean telescope. It uses a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece lens.

The first telescope used the same principles that all telescopes would rely upon. The combination of the two lenses gathered more light than the human eye could collect on its own, focused it, and formed an image. Because the image was formed by the bending of light, or refraction, these telescopes came to be known as refracting telescopes or, simply, refractors.

Galileo’s best telescope magnified objects about 30 times. Because of flaws in its design, such as the shape of the lens, the images were blurry and distorted. But it was good enough for Galileo to explore the sky.

Keplerian Telescope

The Keplerian Telescope, invented by Johannes Kepler in 1611, is an improvement on Galileo's design. It uses a convex lens as the eyepiece instead of Galileo's concave one. The advantage of this arrangement is the rays of light emerging from the eyepiece are converging. This allows for a much wider field of view and greater eye relief but the image for the viewer is inverted. Considerably higher magnifications can be reached with this design but to overcome aberrations the simple objective lens needs to have a very high f-ratio (Johannes Hevelius built one with a 45 m (150 ft.) focal length). The design also allows for use of a micrometer at the focal plane (used to determining the angular size and/or distance between objects observed).

Achromatic telescope

The achromatic refracting lens was invented in 1733 by an English barrister named Chester Moore Hall although it was independently invented and patented by John Dollond. The design limits the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration by using an objective made of two pieces of glass (with different dispersion), "crown" and "flint glass". Each side of each piece is ground and polished, and then the two pieces are assembled together. Achromatic lenses are corrected to bring two wavelengths (typically red and blue) into focus in the same plane.

Apochromatic refractors Apochromatic refractors have objectives built with special, extra-low dispersion materials. They are designed to bring three wavelengths (typically red, green, and blue) into focus in the same plane. The residual color error (secondary spectrum) can be up to an order of magnitude less than that of an achromatic lens. Such telescopes contain elements of fluorite or special, extra-low dispersion (ED) glass in the objective and produce a very crisp image that is virtually free of chromatic aberration. Such telescopes are sold in the high-end amateur telescope market. Apochromatic refractors are available with objectives of up to 553mm in diameter, but most are between 80 and 152mm.

Reflector telescopes

A curved primary mirror is the reflector telescope's basic optical element and creates an image at the focal plane. The distance from the mirror to the focal plane is called the focal length. Film or a digital sensor may be located here to record the image, or an eyepiece for visual observation.

Mirrors eliminate chromatic aberration but still produce other types of aberrations: In general, on axis they produce spherical aberration - the outer and inner zones of the telescope do not share a common focus. This was the construction flaw in the Hubble Space Telescope mirrors. Spherical aberration can be eliminated with aspheric (non-spherical) mirrors. Off axis, additional aberrations will become apparent:

Coma

a variation of telescope magnification with radial zone on the mirror typically appears as a radial smudging of the images which gets worse at the edges of the field. Spherical aberration and coma are eliminated in two mirror Ritchey Chretien designs. The best image plane is in general curved, which may not correspond to the detector's shape and leads to a focus error across the field.

Astigmatism is an azimuthal variation of focus around the aperture. Near the center of the field astigmatism is not usually a problem, but it gets rapidly worse once it becomes apparent - it varies quadratically with field angle.

Distortion over the field of view

face="Verdana">Distortion does not affect image quality (sharpness) but does affect object shapes. It can be corrected by image processing.

There are reflector designs and modifications such as catadioptrics that correct some of these aberrations.

Nearly all large research-grade astronomical telescopes are reflectors. There are several reasons for this:

In a lens the entire volume of material has to be free of imperfection and inhomogeneities, whereas in a mirror, only one surface has to be perfectly polished.

Light of different wavelengths travels through a medium other than vacuum at different speeds. This causes chromatic aberration in uncorrected lenses and creating an aberration-free large lens is a costly process. A mirror can eliminate this problem entirely.

Reflectors work in a wider spectrum of light since certain wavelengths are absorbed when passing through glass elements like those found in a refractor or catadioptric.

There are structural problems involved in manufacturing and manipulating large-aperture lenses. A lens can only be held in place by its edge, which means that the sag due to gravity can be sufficient to distort the image. In contrast, a mirror can be supported by the whole side opposite its reflecting face.

While the Newtonian focus design is still used in amateur astronomy, professionals now tend to use prime focus, Cassegrain focus, and coudé focus designs. By 2001, there were at least 49 reflectors with primary mirrors having diameters of 2 meters or more.

Catadiopteric telescopes

Catadioptric telescopes are designs that combine specifically shaped mirrors and lenses to allow very fast focal ratios (when used at the prime focus), while controlling coma and astigmatism.

Telescope makers also use catadioptric designs for any or all of the following reasons:

They employ spherical surfaces that are easier to manufacture.
When used in a cassegrain configuration it results in a long focal length instrument that is "folded" into a much smaller package.
Catadioptric designs are low maintenance and rugged since some or all of their elements are fixed in alignment (collimation).
Combining a moving primary mirror with a cassegrain configuration allow for large movements in the focal plane to accommodate cameras and CCDS.
The corrector plates seal the tube assembly from dust and dirt. They also block air currents from the interior of the tube, thereby increasing image stability.
A disadvantage to this design is that the secondary mirror blocks a portion of the light entering the tube.


Schmidt-Cassegrain

The Schmidt-Cassegrain is a classic wide-field telescope. The first optical element is a Schmidt corrector plate. The plate is figured by placing a vacuum on one side, and grinding the exact correction required to correct the spherical aberration caused by the primary mirror.

Thousands of amateur astronomers have purchased and used Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes, with diameters from 20 cm (8 in.) to 48 cm (16 in.), since this type of telescope was introduced by Celestron in the 1960s. Now many companies mass-produce this type of telescope, at prices that make them quite affordable for many amateurs. One of the major advantages of the Schmidt-Cassegrain is that its folded light path makes the optical tube very short and squat, thus increasing its portability. It also has optics that are good for both planetary and deep sky observing.


Maksutov-Cassegrain

Light path in a Maksutov-CassegrainMain article: Maksutov telescope
The Maksutov-Cassegrain is a variation of the Maksutov telescope, invented by Dmitri Maksutov. It starts with an optically transparent corrector lens that is a section of a hollow sphere. It has a spherical primary mirror, and a spherical secondary that is often just a mirrored section of the corrector lens. Maksutovs are mechanically simpler than small Cassegrains, have a closed tube and all-spherical optics. The key difference from the similar Schmidt telescope design is the meniscus-shaped corrector plate, that has easy-to-make spherical surfaces, and not the complex aspherical form of the Schmidt design. Maksutovs tend to have a narrower field of view than Schmidt-Cassegrains due to their longer focal length and are generally heavier as well. However, their small secondary mirror gives them better resolution than a Schmidt-Cassegrain.

Picture of a Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope



(Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.)

RADIO TELESCOPES

face="Verdana">Radio telescopes are directional radio antennae that often have a parabolic shape. The dishes are sometimes constructed of a conductive wire mesh whose openings are smaller than the wavelength being observed. Multi-element Radio telescopes are constructed from pairs or larger groups of these dishes to synthesize large "virtual" apertures that are similar in size to the separation between the telescopes: see aperture synthesis. As of 2005, the current record array size is many times the width of the Earth, utilizing space-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) telescopes such as the Japanese HALCA (Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy) VSOP (VLBI Space Observatory Program) satellite. Aperture synthesis is now also being applied to optical telescopes using optical interferometers (arrays of optical telescopes) and Aperture Masking Interferometry at single reflecting telescopes.

X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes

X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes have a problem because these rays go through most metals and glasses. Some x-ray telescopes use ring-shaped "glancing" mirrors, made of heavy metals, that reflect the rays just a few degrees. The mirrors are usually a section of a rotated parabola. Gamma-ray telescopes give up on focusing entirely, and use coded aperture masks; the pattern of shadows the mask creates can be reconstructed to form an image.

These types of telescopes are usually on Earth-orbiting satellites or high-flying balloons, since the Earth's atmosphere is opaque to this part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

(The information above mostly originates from wikipedia.org and it is therefore free to copy and reuse)